• Several mechanisms are implicated in

  2019-11-25

  

  Several mechanisms are implicated in lipid-induced insulin resistance in muscle, including oxidative stress (Koves et al., 2008, Zhang et al., 2011, Muoio and Neufer, 2012). Mitochondrion is a major source of ROS production. The oxidation of pyruvate and fatty conotoxin synthesis yielding acetyl-Co

• The Fontan circulation When first described in the Fontan op

  2019-11-25

  

  The Fontan circulation When first described in 1971, the Fontan operation ushered in a new paradigm in the care of children born with the varied forms of complex congenital Cilengitide disease (CHD) characterized by a single effective pumping chamber.1., 2. This procedure, which creates a total cav

• The requirement for two distinct signalling pathways

  2019-11-25

  

  The requirement for two distinct signalling pathways for cAMP-induced growth arrest likely represents an important mechanism allowing VSMC to finely modulate their cellular responses to cAMP-elevating stimuli. Our data demonstrates for the first time that activation of both pathways in VSMC results

• Initial investigations in the heart uncovered Epac as

  2019-11-25

  

  Initial investigations in the heart uncovered Epac as a positive regulator of myocyte hypertrophy [8], [9]. Concomitantly, Epac has been shown to regulate cardiac Ca homeostasis [8], [10], [11], [12], [13]. Ca is an essential second messenger in the cardiac physiology because its rhythmic variations

• To date the role of CRF

  2019-11-22

  

  To date, the role of CRF and CRF1+ neurons within the amygdala in the expression of anxiety-like behavior and conditioned fear, and the place where these cell populations fit into the fear-related microcircuitry already identified in the CeA, have not been fully characterized. Recent evidence suppor

• Accurate equilibrium predictions of CO containing mixtures

  2019-11-22

  

  Accurate equilibrium predictions of CO2 containing mixtures, however, are challenging with traditional equations of state. The reason for this may be that CO2 has a large quadrupole moment. The large quadrupole moment of CO2, as well as size asymmetry, are for instance believed to be the reasons for

• br Introduction Hydrogen sulfide H S and nitric

  2019-11-22

  

  Introduction Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO) are important gasotransmitters in the cardiovascular system and instrumental to the fine control of vascular tone [1] and cellular function [2]. NO is synthesized from l-arginine by calmodulin-dependent endothelial nitric oxide synthase (e

• C PHNO has been described as a

  2019-11-22

  

  [11C]-(+)-PHNO has been described as a full agonist at both D2 and D3 receptors [54,55]. [11C]-(+)-PHNO was initially developed as a PET radiotracer for imaging the high affinity state of the D2 receptor (i.e., highD2) as a means of measuring synaptic dopamine changes in response to pharmacologic ch

• Multivariate models take interactions between cytokines into

  2019-11-22

  

  Multivariate models take interactions between cytokines into account and were used to accurately distinguish samples from different time points in pregnancy. The distinction accuracy did not increase with increasing time between the gestational time points, indicating that the cytokine development d

• AMG 487 Finally considering the encouraging inhibitory and s

  2019-11-22

  

  Finally, considering the encouraging inhibitory and selectivity properties of compound and against isolated CK1δ, we have also acquired a very preliminary cytotoxicity profile on human ovarian carcinoma cell line (2008) and on its cisplatin-resistant clone (C13). Results showed that after 48h of e

• This approach is similar to that suggested by the

  2019-11-22

  

  This approach is similar to that suggested by the previous edition of the GL [6]. Not surprisingly, the questions to be answered are the same (i.e., was the event TLOC? In cases of TLOC, is this atp enzyme synthesis of syncopal or non-syncopal origin? In cases of suspected syncope, is there a clear

• br Methods br Results and discussion

  2019-11-21

  

  Methods Results and discussion Conclusions Conflict of interest Acknowledgment The research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. U1603285). Overview of the MAPK pathway The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway, often known as a ca

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction Ischemic retinopathy is

  2019-11-21

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Ischemic retinopathy is common to the major causes of blindness, including proliferative diabetic retinopathy, venous occlusion, and retinopathy of prematurity. The hypoxia that follows retinal capillary obliteration drives deregulated growth of new blood vessels

• br Expression data suggest involvement of additional

  2019-11-21

  

  Expression data suggest involvement of additional TRIMs in heart function Given the complexity of the cardiac function, involved molecular pathways and processes, and the fact that only a few of the TRIMs have thus far been shown to have a cardiac role, we hypothesized that there would be more TR

• br Effect of DPP Inhibitors on the Clinical Course of

  2019-11-21

  

  Effect of DPP-4 Inhibitors on the Clinical Course of Heart Failure Four large-scale cardiovascular outcomes trials with DPP-4 inhibitors have been completed, and their findings have been published (Table 1) 31, 32, 33, 34. In 2 studies (with saxagliptin and alogliptin), DPP-4 inhibition was accom

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